Environment
Significance of Environment in Competitive Exams
Environment as a subject holds great importance in various competitive exams like UPSC, State PSCs, SSC, Banking, and others. It tests both conceptual knowledge and awareness of current environmental issues, making it a multidisciplinary topic that overlaps with science, geography, and current affairs. Here’s an overview of its significance:
1. Weightage in Exams
- UPSC Civil Services Exam:
- Prelims: Environment-related topics are a significant part of the General Studies Paper I. Questions focus on biodiversity, ecology, climate change, and environmental conservation.
- Mains: General Studies Paper III includes specific sections on environment, disaster management, and climate change. Analytical and descriptive answers are required.
- State PSCs:
- Similar to UPSC, environment-related questions appear in both prelims and mains, emphasizing local and national environmental issues.
- SSC and Banking:
- Basic awareness of environmental concepts, biodiversity, and recent developments like conferences, agreements, or disasters.
- Forest Services Exams:
- Environmental science is a core subject for exams like the Indian Forest Services (IFS) and state-level forest exams.
2. Relevance in Current Affairs
- Environmental issues dominate global and national headlines due to challenges like climate change, pollution, deforestation, and biodiversity loss.
- Major topics include:
- Global agreements (e.g., Paris Agreement, COP conferences, SDGs).
- National environmental policies and schemes (e.g., National Biodiversity Action Plan, CAMPA).
- Disasters and their environmental impact (e.g., cyclones, forest fires).
3. Overlap with Other Subjects
- Geography:
- Physical geography topics like ecosystems, biomes, and climate zones have direct links with environmental studies.
- Economy:
- Concepts like sustainable development, green economy, and environmental taxation connect economy and environment.
- Science & Technology:
- Topics like renewable energy, environmental biotechnology, and green technologies are interlinked.
- Ethics:
- Environmental ethics, intergenerational equity, and responsibilities towards nature are discussed in ethics papers.
4. Increasing Emphasis on Sustainability
- Governments and international organizations prioritize sustainability in policies and decision-making.
- Exams reflect this trend by including topics like:
- Renewable energy sources.
- Circular economy and waste management.
- Sustainable agricultural practices.
5. Skill Testing
- Competitive exams test various skills through environment-related questions:
- Analytical Thinking: Understanding cause-effect relationships, such as the impact of deforestation on monsoons.
- Awareness: Knowledge of global issues, environmental movements, and national initiatives.
- Application: Solving problems like disaster management and suggesting sustainable solutions.
6. Topics Frequently Asked
- Biodiversity:
- National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves.
- Endangered species, invasive species, and conservation efforts.
- Ecology:
- Ecosystem dynamics, food chains, and ecological succession.
- Climate Change:
- Global warming, carbon footprint, and mitigation measures.
- Pollution:
- Air, water, soil, and noise pollution.
- Environmental laws and policies.
- Sustainable Development:
- SDGs, green energy, and eco-friendly practices.
7. Key Schemes and Policies
- India:
- National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).
- Ganga Rejuvenation Mission.
- National Solar Mission.
- Global:
- Paris Agreement, Kigali Amendment, Ramsar Convention.
8. Importance for Essay and Interview
- Essay Writing:
- Topics like “Sustainable development in India” or “Impact of climate change on agriculture” are common.
- Interviews:
- Questions often revolve around environmental challenges, local issues, and personal views on sustainability.
Why You Should Focus on Environment
- Scoring Potential:
- Environment-related questions are often factual and conceptual, making them high-scoring.
- Relevance:
- Knowledge of the environment helps in understanding broader socio-economic issues.
- Global Importance:
- Environmental awareness is essential for addressing pressing global challenges.
By integrating environment preparation with current affairs and other subjects, you can maximize your performance in competitive exams.
- Scoring Potential:
Tips for Preparing Environment for Competitive Exams
The environment is a crucial subject in competitive exams like UPSC, State PSCs, SSC, and Banking exams. With the growing importance of sustainable development and global environmental concerns, a good understanding of environmental topics is essential. Below are tips to help you effectively prepare for this subject:
1. Understand the Syllabus
- Go through the syllabus for the specific exam you’re preparing for.
- Focus on topics like:
- Ecology and Biodiversity
- Environmental Pollution and Conservation
- Climate Change and Global Warming
- International Agreements (e.g., Paris Agreement, Kyoto Protocol)
- Environmental Laws and Policies in India
- Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development
| CHAPTER |
| ENVIRONMENT |
| Environment, Habitat and Ecosystem |
| Ecology – Principles and Organizations |
| Functions of an Ecosystem – Succession and Homeostasis |
| Functions of an Ecosystem – Trophic Levels |
| Functions of an Ecosystem – Biogeochemical Cycling |
| Natural Ecosystems |
| Wetland Ecosystem |
| Biodiversity and Loss of Biodiversity |
| Biodiversity Conservation |
| Wildlife Conservation |
| India State of Forest Report 2021 |
| Air Pollution: Causes and Air Pollutants |
| Air Pollution: Effects and Control Measures |
| Water Pollution: Causes, Effects & Control Measures |
| Plastic Pollution, Solid, Hazardous and E-Waste |
| Highly Polluting Industries (HPIs) |
| Land Degradation |
| Climate Change – Causes, Impacts & Mitigation |
| International Environmental Conventions, NGOs and Laws |
| National Environmental Legislation |
| Green Revolution & Sustainable Agricultural Practices |
| Sources of Energy, Renewables and Energy Conservation |
| Water Conservation |
| Major Species and Their Conservation Status Invasive Species |
| Protected Area Network of India |